Benjamin haytland



BENJAMIN HAVILAND, 0F HUDSON, NEW-YORK.

Letters Patent No. l81,500, dated August 25, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT in cenone'.

dige Stlgthule referrer tu im tigen tettets zttnit init mating mi et tige same.

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN HAV'ILAND, of the city ot" Hudson, in the county of Columbia, and Stateof' New York, have invented a new and improved Lathe-Chuck, which I call The Seli`-Gen tring and Screw-Cutting Chnclig and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of' the construction and, operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a transverse sectional view of the back ofthe chuck.

Figure 2, a. transverse sectional view ofthe inside oi' the back plate.

Figure 3, a transverse sectional view of the middle or cam-rim.

Figure .4, a perspective view of the chuck, with a portion of the face-plate, and also of the middle or camplate removed, so as to expose to view parts of the interior. l

Figure 5, a. perspective view of one of the screw-cutting dies detachedn.

"Like letters indicate'like` parts in the several liguresiv v The nature offmy invention consists in employing three -radial armsin ,a circular plate, and operating themv coneentrieally by means of three cams, arranged in a plane, and within a circle of the same dimensions as' the face or arm-plate, in Vcombination with the same number of radial set-screws in the back plate, to adjust these arms eccentrieally, thus forming a combined self-centring and screw-cutting lathe-chuck, composed of three circular plates or parts of the samle dimensions.

To enable those skilled inthe art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation. v

I construct my "chuck in the usual circular form, (ses lig. 4,) with a central opening, provided with a screwlthread or other equivalent device, to attach it securely to the mandrel of a lathe. j For screw-cutting purposes, this mrndrel mustbe hollaw, to allow the screws, :is eut, to enter. The three parts of which the chuck is composed, (see figs. l, 2,.3,) each embraces peculiar devices, which conjointly operate, when-combined, to actuate the three radial arms a a a, either'eccontrically or concentrically, as may be required. i

Whenused as a concentric chuck, the three cams, a c e, are employed -by applying the thumb to the head ofthe screw-latch or checktl, and pressing itforwnrd, which operates the cams, causing them to press the arms a a a toward the centre. '.lhe catch 01,' acting likea dog in the ratchet p, which is cut on the inside of-the .back plate, (sec iig. 2,) holds'the arms a a a at any'required point. v

When i't is desired to make it eccentric, the radial set-screws bbl; are employed, These serews,'workingthrough the fixed nuts i z'z' against the stemsfff'ot'lthe radial arms, operate'and'adjust the arms a a a independently of each other, so as to throw the article held .by them out of the centre of the chuck, or so asueto accommodate the arms themselves tothe shape'ot the article or piece to be held by them, however rregulanthat shape may he. I desire it to beicl'enrly understood lthat the arms aa a can thus be operated radially forward, or towards the centre, or-buckwzitrd trcmfit, independently of each other, so that all the arms may bemade to bear rmly g up'on the article subjected to A'their hold, whatever may be itsshape. The stems fff, beingfa part o'or rmly attached to the arms a a a, slide with-them in the radial slots gig g. Springs L t t force the arms hack to their places as .the screws I) ZJ bare witl'idrawn, (see figs. 2 and 4.) The cams e c e, as the middle `or cam-rimv is revolved forward,bear o r force the 'arms itta a inward concentrically, and all together against thc piece or article to be worked or turned. The radial arms are provided with tongues on each side, fitting into correlspending grooves in the face-plate in both edges` or sides of the slots ggg, which keep the-arms inplacc,

'(see iig. 4.) l

Bearing on the top oi' thescrew-catch cl is a spring, o, to keep the catch or dog close down to the ratchet lc. The screw and nu-t on the upper or o uter end ot this catch are used to draw thecams, and thereby force the larms ruily against thc article or piece embraced by them. The stem or pin e is designed as n. bearing for the thumb in pressing the middle or ratchet-rim forwnrdto engage all the arms concentrieally'. The several parts .of the chuck are confined together byumcans of screws, (as shown on fig. 4.) The three shoulders, t t t, on each of the arms, are of such distances from each other (usually equal) that the ratchet l: willO adjust them firmly against the piece te be held, at any point between each, and then, by lifting the catch d, by the use of a hook, from the ratchet-teeth, and revolving the rim back, if the piece be too large for the first shoulder, by pressing it forward again, it traverses upon the-arm to the second shoulder, holding the piece firmly at any point between the first and secondshoulders, and so also between the second and third. The ratchet extending one-third the circumference oi` the chuck, will allow the arms to bc adjusted so as to hold the article placed upon thorn, 0r within their embrace, firmly at any point between any two of the shoulders, thatfis, between the ordinary or normal position ofthe shoulders. Y u

In addition to the ordinary use of this chuck, to wit, holding articles to be turned on their ends or faces, 'firmly in the head nt' the lathe, I also employ it for cutting screws, to which purpose it is easily adapted. To do this, I place or insert in the ends of the arms a a removable screw-cutting dies, (see 54, and for thc form and details ofthe individual die, see iig. 5,) screwing or otherwise attaching-fthe chuck to a hollow mandrel in the lathe, to reeeivethe screws as they advance through the dies. These dies may be'made to cut any-sized screw, or a thread of any required size or degree of ineness. The ends of the arms a a a are perforated with circular or other-shaped holes or sockets, into which the stems of the dies s s s are inserted, and they (the dies) are retained or kept in their places by means of Set-screws, catches, or springs. When the scrcw-dies arc not required, their. places in the ends ofY the arms are supplied with blank' dies of same size and form, when it iS ready for ordinary use. I

This use of my chuck is especially convenient for cutting screw-thrcads on the ends of metallic rods of any size, and by the use ofl a cutting-die in place of the screw-die, to cutjournals and blank screw-bolts; so also a.

large-sized chuck is useful for cutting woodscrews. e

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is- 1. The general construction and arrangement of the several parts, which, taken together, constitute the chuck herein described, whereby thev same may serve as a scrcwcutting die, or a universal chuck, all as set forth.

2. Rotating the cam-plate e o c, and retaining it in position by means tot' the rack-plate, detent a, and stub t e, substantially in the manner specified.

i BENJN HAVILAND.A

Witnesses:

A. BOGARDUS,

ALEX. S. Rowtn. 

